"At the time, psychologists assumed that children’s ability to wait depended on how badly they wanted the marshmallow. But it soon became obvious that every child craved the extra treat. What, then, determined self-control? Mischel’s conclusion, based on hundreds of hours of observation, was that the crucial skill was the “strategic allocation of attention.” Instead of getting obsessed with the marshmallow—the “hot stimulus”—the patient children distracted themselves by covering their eyes, pretending to play hide-and-seek underneath the desk, or singing songs from “Sesame Street.” Their desire wasn’t defeated—it was merely forgotten. “If you’re thinking about the marshmallow and how delicious it is, then you’re going to eat it,” Mischel says. “The key is to avoid thinking about it in the first place.” In adults, this skill is often referred to as metacognition, or thinking about thinking, and it’s what allows people to outsmart their shortcomings. (When Odysseus had himself tied to...
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- Paul Buchheit
from Bookmarklet
This is an interesting quote because it implies that "will power" is more about mental strategy, not some kind of mental strength for forcing yourself to do something. I have the same strategy with food -- I eat whatever I see, so in order to not eat something I just need to put it out of sight.
- Paul Buchheit
effectively "out of sight, out of mind"
- alphaxion
This is where the magic of science is: you spend time and resources to prove a proverb.
- .i.m.a.r.s.o.r.a.m.a.
"The child who could wait fifteen minutes had an S.A.T. score that was, on average, two hundred and ten points higher than that of the kid who could wait only thirty seconds."
- J.D. Deutschendorf
Sometimes I worry my metacognition is slowing me down because I'm spending less time just cogniting. (that oughtta be a word.) But no, in all seriousness, I think something, then realize the thought was there before I subvocalized it, and then I go in a circle several times subvocalizing those same thoughts as I examine the process of thinking. Frustrating!
- Andrew C
Some friends and I refer to this study often, pointing out when we've failed the marshmallow test. Staying up late is my most common mashmallow test failure (sacrificing morning time to enjoy a few more bleary hours NOW), but it's easy to spot this sort of behavior and fun to have a standard vocabulary to highlight its ubiquity.
- Seth
As a parent, I consciously used this strategy to distract my children whenever they got in mischief, behaved badly or acted out. As a grandparent, I often send a box of tricks, things like super balls, an "uno" deck, paints, a book, a yoyo or top, for my daughter to use with my grandchildren when they are driving her crazy and need to think about something other than running around screaming.
- Phil Boiarski
OK, that makes sense, but let's flip this on its head - How do you instead keep your mind on something and prevent yourself from getting distracted? You can't distract yourself from your distractions. Andrew C, the word you're looking for is cogitating.
- Mr. Gunn
Mr Gunn, thanks. Though I think 'cogniting' is a touch funnier.
- Andrew C
Some chimpanzees use this strategy as well, though not all of them.
- Björn Brembs
i think bhudda had some theory on this too...:/
- Paul Moss
I'm going to marshmallow-train my kids!!
- Jess Lee
Today my 4yo daughter was having trouble waiting for a treat, so I told her (and my wife) about reading this article last night. I talked about the ability to distract - and I thought I was doing a pretty good job of explaining it in 4yo terms. When I was done with my paraphrase/lesson, I asked her if she understood. "Uh-huh," she said. Then after a few moments, she asked if we could stop and get some marshmallows on the way home. All I could do is laugh!
- Gary Walter (gwalter)
I read a different writeup of this experiment a couple years ago, when our daughter was about 1 year old. Its something that can be taught, and encouraged. She's now very good at distracting herself from something which she knows she shouldn't do or would get into trouble over. She's not easily distracted in general: she can focus quite well on something she wants to do (and is allowed to do).
- DGentry
Not a fan of sites with Flash intro... plus it does not display on phones.
- David Lanning
DO NOT WANT. In my opinion, Flash should only be used for things like YouTube.
- John (a.k.a. dendroica)
NO, but if you insist don't make it autoplay (for those who have bandwidth limits or additional charges) and DO let us SKIP it. Have you seen my post "The Serious Drawbacks to Using FLASH for Web Design: Usability, SEO, Editability" at http://www.growmap.com/flash/ ? If you're going to use Flash you REALLY need to know the pros and cons!
- Internet Strategist
Prisons should be used for large-scale dietary research. For example, would a vegan diet reduce violence? Does caloric restriction work on humans? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki...
I don't know Paul, I've been mostly vegan since 1998, and now on a raw food diet. A few of those years I was a vegetarian as well, and sometimes I ate some meat. I saw no significant difference in my temper (which usually runs short) prior to 1998 and after that. I did see a difference, however, when I worked out regularly. Weightlifting calmed me down.
- Raoul Pop
But we can't decide this by just looking one example, Raoul. Probably you're not violent at all.
- Can Turanlı
Caloric restrictions might be hard because it has to be tailored to the individual. Intermittent fasting would be a viable approach, though -- just don't offer food every other day.
- Gabe
Violence was just one thing to measure Raoul (and of course it would be helpful to reduce violence among prisoners). My main interest is in improving health. It's very difficult to do such research because people self-select, cheat, mis-report, etc, but in prison it would be much easier to do randomized, controlled, long-term studies of the effects of diet on health.
- Paul Buchheit
Actually, this has been done already. (I used to work in the field of obesity research, now in oncology.) Prisoners like to be in the studies for the most part because it improves their daily diets; also, even calorically restricted diets are balanced. I was in one of the latter studies myself for two years, and no, I wasn't in prison. ;-)
- Heather
Dietary research in captive conditions (where "voluntary" may not mean the same as outside) sounds extremely fishy to me. But then I've never been to a prison, where, perhaps, any chance to break the boredom and improve quality of one's dietary intake may be for real. Only I have difficulties imagining that results from such studies could be equally applicable to civilian population at...
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- ianf ⌘
Alice and I are finally getting serious about our health efforts -- more her than me honestly. Our main focus is on being able to characterize people who are healthy, and one part of that is getting rich datastreams from people in the general population or interesting subsets thereof. I think years ago we talked about the sensing toilet, but my latest kick is dental floss analysis. I'm sure we will get much better data in 10 years.
- Daniel Dulitz
Does this really not give you any ethical heebie jeebies? I mean, one one hand, sure, if we're going to base a society on the incarceration of huge numbers of disadvantaged people, then why not get some use out of it, if we can run the studies humanely? But it still evokes thoughts of the Nazis' medical experiments, and raises uncomfortable questions about moral hazard, like using the...
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- ⓞnor
Afraid I'm with e3r on this one. There are just *way* too many opportunities for moral hazard. Perhaps you could get something vaguely like informed consent, but even that seems difficult if you're talking about an incarcerated population that perhaps feels like they might be treated differently if they don't participate.
- Joel Webber
There's an easy solution to the problem, Joel. Just convince some wardens that they can reduce violence (or whatever) at their prisons by changing the diet. Then just wait a few years or decades (or whatever) and study the results.
- Gabe
The wardens being, of course, wholly neutral in the matter and uniformly interested in lowering the level of violence in their wards. Wardens have a vested interest in maintaining violence at just below unmaintainable level. How naïve can you get, Gabe? @Joel, even though it was a figure of speech, you don't have to be afraid to express a dissenting opinion, they are what makes this virtual debating society of ours a keeper.
- ianf ⌘
They already do studies and other unethical things with prison foods. It would make More sense to allow prisoners to opt-in to various studies and diets. But, there are still a lot of other factors that would have to be controlled to see if the studies were valid. And it would be much easier to do that in a prison population. And frankly, they're already doing the first part of the...
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- guruvan (Rob Nelson)
Rob, they're force-feeding the prisoners if need be. Anything you do in prisons (most, and definitely in all American) is regulated. Infusing even the least amount of free choice in the mix is creating dangerous precedents for the wardens and the entire prison-industrial complex. [@Hüseyin Mert, thank you.]
- ianf ⌘
I'm with @Nor and e3r Consent. Consent. Consent. This does give me the ethical squirms. opt in is only marginally better. And my philosphical bent is never to trust an argument that is based on either trust in regulatory bodies (in general and with regard to imprisoned populations) or it is already happening -- that never makes it right.
- AliceS
It's interesting that rape and violence seem to be an accepted part of our prison system, but people have serous ethical concerns about subjecting prisoners to a vegan diet. Yes, I know everyone here is also opposed to prison rape, but I really don't think that dietary research is a significant threat to prisoners. Besides, they are already eating the worst food (much like people in hospitals). Perhaps the ethical concerns can be addressed by requiring the researchers to adhere to the same diet.
- Paul Buchheit
I have serious ethical concerns about our entire prison system! But I think using them as guinea pigs only makes it worse.
- ⓞnor
Agreed with @nor; using prison population as research is a very sketchy idea.
- Andrew C
How about school children, can we use them for research?
- Paul Buchheit
Feed them a balanced meal, and don't mess with their heads. If convicts were POW's this would be pretty close to a war crime. BTW, one in ten US adults goes to prison, that means at least one of those in the comments above will be eating the food...think....
- Wallace
I see nothing wrong with this as long as people agree to be a part of it. Obviously, I have no qualms about a vegan diet being served since that is definitely healthy, but I don't agree with experiments that would cause discomfort or health concerns being done involuntarily.
- Becca
Rebecca, if a prisoner claims that he will be uncomfortable unless provided with a high quality, grass-fed steak at every meal, is it unethical to not provide him with those steaks?
- Paul Buchheit
I was thinking physical discomfort. I would think all prison food would be mentally discomforting!
- Becca
I suspect that the prison food already causes physical discomfort -- most institutional food does. I think what you're saying that is that as long as each diet is individually acceptable, then there should be nothing wrong with an experiment comparing them, or at least that would be my point :)
- Paul Buchheit
Paul, "rape and violence seem to be an accepted part of our prison system" because they mirror the rest of the American society. They are certainly not acceptable in other parts of the globe, although there are countries and pockets within otherwise "sane" societies, where dehumanizing incarceration is even worse than the American "experience." But that's hardly a consolation. Apart...
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- ianf ⌘
@paul: I think most of us here probably agree that the likelihood of actual harm from an experiment involving small dietary changes is pretty low. But a lot of people are (rightly, imho) afraid of the precedent it would set. Voluntary participation would probably address most concerns, but would also subject your data to selection bias.
- Joel Webber
So which part here is unethical? The part where prisoners aren't given meat? The part where the effect of the new diet are documented? The part where the effect is compared to before the dietary change? Or the part where the comparison is published?
- Gabe
That's like saying "which part of the bribe was unethical? the part where I left the money on the table? the part where he picked some money up off the table? the part where he assigned the contract to my company?". We have protocols for human medical experimentation, and those protocols say that even for experiments that everyone thinks are totally harmless, that informed consent and...
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- ⓞnor
Onor: "the part where he picked some money up off the table?" is the unethical part, unless the money is a campaign donation.
- Gabe
I take issue with this idea of voluntary participation. There is no voluntary anything in prison. That being said, I am with Dan and Joel on this, quite the slippery slope.
- EricaJoy
Erica, that simply isn't true. There are plenty of voluntary things in prison. What's not voluntary is the prisoner's presence. A prisoner has many choices that can be made throughout the day. One of the big choices is food. If the meals aren't chosen (which they often are), certainly the snack/supplementary foods that prisoners can purchase with their own money on account is.
- guruvan (Rob Nelson)
"Now here’s something interesting, I set up a photo camera in my room, turned out all the lights and took a long-exposure shot of my roomba doing it’s thing for about 30 minutes. The result is a picture that shows the path of the roomba through it’s cleaning cycle, it looks like a flight map or something. It really hits every spot!"
- DeWitt Clinton
from Bookmarklet
Posting the link to the original author's blog, as neither Gizmodo, nor the site that Gizmodo's links to, points directly here.
- DeWitt Clinton
This is one of those things that make me go "d'oh, why didn't I think of that [while my roomba was still working]". The sprial reminds me of a particle accelerator collision trace. Very cool.
- Jasmin Patry
I wish they'd make a Roomba which would steam-clean my carpet :)
- Ray Cromwell
Personally, I like the clean white background of the old design. Not a fan of the grey background.
- Bindu Reddy
I paused right away. I was in the middle of reading comments and the text I was reading was moving. I'm content to hit Refresh (F5, Ctrl+R) on my own pace.
- Stephen Mack
I am back to the old interface for now. My guess is that it is far more peaceful and it doesn't scroll that much if you are not subscribed to too many users.
- Bindu Reddy
I am liking it too :D. But it's like that cartoons where the toon's trying to focus on a thing which is continuously moving. & thank god the old interface is still alive :D
- Swaroop
You aren't missing anything in paused, it just makes the functionality the same as the old version.
- Rachel Lea Fox
Maybe when paused, there could be an option to reload every X seconds or minutes. Sorta like this addon for Firefox does. https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US... Of course not everyone uses Firefox or wants to use an addon, so a similar insite solution would be cool as well.
- Tony, Paradox of FF
Rachel, thanks. I am going to try pause right now.
- Bindu Reddy
@Bindu Back to good old "F5" days for me too :D
- Swaroop
Bindu, once you've paused beta you can refresh the page to see new content, it will remain paused for you.
- FFing Enigma (aka Tina)
Personally I prefer being able to pause the stream. This is because before I often would be reading a post with a ton of comments when it would decide to update on its own, collapse the comments back down and move the post to a different part of the page, totally throwing me off of where I was reading.
- Tony, Paradox of FF
these are the items that are waiting in the queue. They will show up the next time the FF interface refreshes
- Bindu Reddy
We automatically pause when you are commenting or moving the mouse so that things don't shift around from underneath you. The "queued items" lets you know we got new items from the server, but we aren't displaying them yet. Not sure how useful that information is at this point - thanks for the feedback.
- Bret Taylor
ha ha, my assumption about queued items was wrong. Thanks Bret for the clarification
- Bindu Reddy
Do things that you "like" show up under My Discussion or only things you comment on? If they show up, use "like" to kind of mark the thread and then come back to it in My Discussions later.
- Kevin Kuphal
oh yes, keyboard shortcuts would be fantastic
- Bindu Reddy
Is there other ways you guys can auto-pause besides mouse moving? Cause I often use just the keyboard to page around.
- ronin
Works great. When one clicks on advanced search, please keep the current query in the box though. (E.g. someone just may want to switch from "friends" to "everyone" but keep the same query.) Quote search would be nice too, it seems to be ignored right now. Also nice you offer an feed for results, though it kind of takes the fun out of screenscraping :)
- Philipp Lenssen
this immediately gives one leg up over twitter
- MG Siegler
Maybe you should only show the comments that include your query and also search the shared posts.
- Ionut
FriendFeed just leveled up! Good job guys!
- Bwana ☠
Nor, it might be just the bold highlight that's wrong then (it highlights word parts instead of the full phrase).
- Philipp Lenssen
I underestimated the coolness factor of the new search until I searched for john adams to see what people thought of the hbo show, found some people who loved it, and discovered some cool people who have similar tastes that I never would have probably been aware of otherwise. Love it. I'm sending ya'll a box of cookies.
- Ginger Makela Riker
jim++ for search! i tried to use the friendfeed bookmarklet to share jim's superman photo but it vomited some broken HTML in the top right corner of the page.
- Jess Lee
Man, you know what's funny? Yesterday night I posted about how Friendfeed *so* needed to get filtering and search - 24h later, here it is! I am delighted! http://blog.webreakstuff.com/2008...
- Fred Oliveira
Search is great and will make a big difference. There is still a great need for filtering as well. When I say filtering I mean service filtering, This would help with service redundancy.
- Turker Keskinpala
Hey Bret ... congrats on the continued evolution ... didn't hear from you the other day, but figure you may not have my digits. So if easier, just DM me on Twitter or old fashioned email great too: cathy[at]seesmic[dot]com ... truly looking forward to talking with you!
- Cathy Brooks
i was beginning to get worried that a company founded by people with good google dna would not add search :-) now i need to find some other feature to request..maybe de-duplicaiton of shared items?
- Charles Hudson
Great to see you guys constantly adding really important features, in very short order too.
- Dion Almaer
FriendFeed has consistently been moving up my bookmark heiarchy. First, it was in a folder in my links bar. Today I moved it out of a folder and into the links bar as a single link (which is a very exclusive club.) Soon, it may even be made my home page! And all this within 24 hours!
- Bill Bittner
Chris, Firefox has an option to "Show my windows and tabs from last time". I wish that were the default. I used to kill -9 it to get that behavior (because I didn't notice the option either). Eventually someone told me about the option...
- Paul Buchheit
Tab Mix Plus' session saver is better than Firefox's (imho).
- Tormod Haugen
I have the mobile verision of FF (http://friendfeed.com/embed...) so I can make the page any width and wrap, and I put in the Outlook browser. I have a wide monitor and usually have my inbox on the right side. Now I have FF on the right side, and click to my inbox when mail comes in. However, I haven't noticed if the feed will auto-refresh.
- Bill Bittner
Looks like it not longer auto-refreshes under Safari 3.1.
- Steve Rubel
Wow. Whole new world of functionality! Oh, Chris and Paul - I find the Google Browser Sync addon's session management even better than Firefox's AND TabMixPlus'
- Slappy Line
If there are any devs still listening to this thread, I'd like to suggest a universal search box that's available on every page, whether it's everyone, a specific person's feed, or even just one item. The single-item pages are missing a search box right now, and there's no link to the search page in the header. The same kind of box as is available elsewhere (the short one on the right) would be perfect.
- Voyagerfan5761
becoming dependent on the search feature with sticky search and other gm scripts, i really really REALLY need a hide feature in search results please. plus agreed on the search box everywhere - use an additional dropdown for where to search. ;)
- Nicole Simon
What would you want the hide feature to do there?
- Aviv
I use the search feature to work in batches, but it is then when i decide that for example I really do not need to see your tweets. now I have to go to the normal screen and try to find that there, as your personal page does not have the hide feature either (why not btw?)
- Nicole Simon
Bret, look forward to u speaking at AltSearchEngines on Mon at 11:00. Call me to discuss! Twitter:@elliottng fouronefive-nineeightseven-eightysix-eightysix
- Elliott Ng
We actually don't have one. Well, we did for our launch, but haven't used them since. They were great, but we have been reaching out to bloggers and reporters ourselves, and it has been working well for us.
- Bret Taylor
What did the PR firm do for your launch? Just curious...
- Philipp Lenssen
Bret, if this whole "FriendFeed" thing doesn't work out, can I hire you guys to do our PR. ;)
- Nivi
I actually do believe good products that solve problems generate their own PR. It is refreshing to see. (Now, back to being my regularly scheduled cynical self.)
- Christopher Sacca
Looks like I have to set up a ego-search in FriendFeed now. This comment thread is too funny!
- Louis Gray
It's like a local baker who makes the best cannolis in town. They don't need a PR firm, it's self-perpetuating by simply being good.
- Vince DeGeorge
'“It’s a racial stalemate we’ve been stuck in for years,” Mr. Obama said. “Contrary to the claims of some of my critics, black and white, I have never been so naïve as to believe that we can get beyond our racial divisions in a single election cycle, or with a single candidacy — particularly a candidacy as imperfect as my own.”'
- Bret Taylor
I think it's amazing that the NYT wants us to think that the primary message of this speech was to call the pastor divisive... It was absolutely not about that. It was a frank and necessary (and long overdue) look at race and racism, black and white. We need this man leading our country.
- Stephen Foskett
Can't understand why Senator Obama thought this speech was even necessary. He shouldn't have to defend himself for being friends with someone who has views that differ many Americans. Barack's campaign is about diversity and he's said before that he'll be friendly with everyone.
- Rob Safuto
If anything, Obama is gaining the confidence of the American people by cutting through the expected political dogma that we've been so used to. I think he made a bold political move by addressing this situation head on by delivering a blunt and direct speech, and did a great job in easing a lot of the consternation we have in his candidacy. The 800-pound gorilla that everyone can clearly see but few have brought up until now is this: can an African-American effectively lead this country? I think so.
- grant fox
Take the time to view the speech--it is incredibly powerful.
- Sheila Taylor
I agree with Grant. This guy is making all the right moves. If he doesn't go all the way, it'll be something really unexpected that'll derail him. I remember, though, meeting Dan Balz, journalist at Washington Post. He's covered politics since the 1970s. He says elections rarely go the way you predict. No matter what happens, this is already the most interesting campaign of my life (I'm 43 and started paying attention with Carter in office).
- Robert Scoble
I love how honest and realistic he was. Not painting anybody or anything as 100% right or 100% wrong. He doesn't polarize people or issues to cause a stir, get ratings, or sell papers. He doesn't put two people in a reality-tv-like ring and instigate them into fighting. He addresses what opposing sides have in common. It's refreshing.
- Bill Bittner
@Robert: more interesting than this? http://www.youtube.com/watch...... Remember when Howard Dean was actually the frontrunner for the Dems? You are right, this thing can go anywhere from here. Here's hoping Obama isn't Client 10.
- grant fox
This has been one of the most well covered, reported on, and talked about speeches to date, and I find it funny that Hillary is stating that she "Hasn't heard it" and "I haven't read it". I find this very hard to believe, especially when you are plotting every move you make based on your opponent's previous move. (http://tinyurl.com/2qs58a)
- cmiper
Just another politician trying to save his campaign, nothing more.
- Spencer
@Spencer I think it is something more. it's a candidate showing the voters how he'll handle crises. No sending minions out to speak whilst he flies around frantically on AirForceOne, e.g. 9/11.
- Carla Thompson
But the pastor is divisive, and Obama is long overdue in calling him that.
- Prokofy Neva
One of the most honest and open speeches from a politician I've ever heard. The comments he made today were comments that someone has needed to say for a very long time. There are a lot of real issues that are facing this country and the old guard, both Republican and Democrat, are either unwilling or unable to initiate the changes that are needed. We've got to have something different and I'm grateful that Mr. Obama has at least been able to make me believe that change is possible.
- Mike Paul
"...to narrow that gap between the promise of our ideals and the reality of their time" How very true.
- Michelle Lee
There are lots of great things BUT I will just say this is the least *stupid* political speech in a long time. Obama's ability to take insane complexity -- the complicity of the oppressed and oppressors; the structural unities of racism, sexism, xenophobia; the superficial reasonableness of the self-help problem; the problems with welfare -- and make them poetic and listenable. This is a man that is able to express incredible depth without losing people.
- Lilly Irani
I predicted his presidency after the 04 dem. convention speech...this speech may be one of the most important of our time.
- MLx
I remember reading a profile of Obama in The New Yorker when he was running for his seat in the Senate. I remember thinking - now THIS is a Presidential candidate I would support. And I do.
- Cathy Brooks
I hope this speech has set him apart from the other candidates and can lead him to victory. Unfortunately, I think too many will view it as a political stunt rather than the true honest leadership that it is.
- Brandon Titus
very interesting considering the very debate we were having together on myspace. I read the article, but didn't listen to the speech (I know bad me). Still a bit cynical but his open acknowledgement of the statements made by the pastor...makes me think.
- Pamela Barnes
"By the time we ran things through the deadly professionalism filters, the life, passion, joy, and in this case--brain-friendliness--had been sucked out."
- Paul Buchheit