Also: "At the periphery, people have fewer friends; this makes them lonely, but this also tends to drive them to cut the few ties that they have left. But before they do, they may infect their friends with the same feeling of loneliness, starting the cycle anew. These reinforcing effects mean that our social fabric can fray at the edges, like a strand of yarn that comes loose from the sleeve of a sweater."
- Ruchira S. Datta
I had gotten this e-book based on the review http://www.nytimes.com/2009..., which was unusual in being very long yet continuing to surprise right up to the end. I'm only in Chapter 2 of the book and am already coming across more surprises.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Oh, ok, I remember reading the NY Times article. Sounds like a perfect book for me to bring to the Carribean on the Kindle.
- Piaw Na
Hmm, now I'm wondering about the interplay with centrality in the more general observation of loneliness being socially contagious.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Sam Wang is a neuroscientist. Willpower is capacity generated by an organ of your body: your brain.
- Ruchira S. Datta
It's a finite resource, that you can build, the way that you'd build a muscle.
- Ruchira S. Datta
We all hold beliefs about our brains, e.g., playing music to a fetus makes it smarter, alcohol kills brain cells, sudoku keeps your brain from degenerating as you get older. All of these are myths.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Will start with a statement by William James, a foundational figure in psychology and neuroscience.
- Ruchira S. Datta
He said in 1908 we are making use of only a small part of our mental and physical resources. That was a true statement.
- Ruchira S. Datta
But motivational speaker Dale Carnegie turned this into "You only use 10% of your brain." This is not true. You need your entire brain.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Brain weighs 1.2kg. It's a very efficient organ, using 12-15 watts, out of your body's total energy budget as 70 watts--as much as an idling laptop or the light in your refrigerator. In a literal sense, we're all dim bulbs.
- Ruchira S. Datta
We are all running flat out. The brain is a finite resource, and it's possible to deplete aspects of the brain's resources.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Willpower has been studied in the laboratory by psychologists and neuroscientists. If I give you an impossible puzzle to solve, you'll spend a certain amount of time on it before giving up.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Roy Baumeister did this with students. If he gave students radishes to eat beforehand, they persisted for 8 minutes. If he didn't they persisted for twice as long.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Another group of students was given freshly baked chocolate chip cookies. They persisted and persisted. (It was a little bit mean, because the students eating the radishes could smell the cookies.)
- Ruchira S. Datta
Willpower was a common resource which was shared between the two tasks.
- Ruchira S. Datta
This has been replicated in another test: circling the letter 'e' over and over, then watching a boring video of a wall and a table where nothing ever happens.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Willpower requires executive attention: to make plans, to act on those plans, to have working memory, to focus attention long enough to do a task, to not be distracted.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Executive attention has been imaged by fMRI and is deficient in people with certain brain lesions, e.g., the prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex.
- Ruchira S. Datta
So, when eating radishes, what is it that runs out? Could be blood sugar--when doing a tedious task, one's blood sugar goes down.
- Ruchira S. Datta
If the students eating radishes were given lemonade, their persistence on the second task did not go down. But diet lemonade didn't help.
- Ruchira S. Datta
There are other possibilities, e.g., a neurotransmitter.
- Ruchira S. Datta
If you're going to an important meeting, don't go window-shopping, and perhaps let the housework slide.
- Ruchira S. Datta
The brain is a plastic organ. So the converse is that you can build your capacity up.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Practicing a tedious task improves your willpower.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Brushing your teeth with the wrong hand helps you to stick with a diet.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Cartoon by Lisa Haney, a cellist who once was in the same group as Zoe Keating who played earlier: a neuron lifting weights.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Exercising willpower can also be done at an early age.
- Ruchira S. Datta
A standard approach to Attention Deficit Disorder is Ritalin. But willpower training also works in children, even preschool children.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood: Paul M. Thompson and collaborators.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Feh, this must be inside the planetarium, doesn't work with the web streaming. :/
- Ruchira S. Datta
The International Space Station, a human scaled object, orbits earth every 90 minutes or so. This is about as far as we normally go.
- Ruchira S. Datta
The moon is about 1.5 light-seconds away; the sun, about 8 light-minutes.
- Ruchira S. Datta
The diameter of the orbit of Pluto is about 8 light-hours-a good night's sleep.
- Ruchira S. Datta
The nearest star is about 4 light-years away--a high school or college education.
- Ruchira S. Datta
The review by Elizabeth Kolbert in the Nov. 9th New Yorker is more thorough and well-written, as one might expect. Unfortunately it seems only to be in the print edition at the moment.
- Ruchira S. Datta
"From their very first days, newborns' cries already bear the mark of the language their parents speak, reveals a new study published online on November 5th in Current Biology, a Cell Press publication. The findings suggest that infants begin picking up elements of what will be their first language in the womb, and certainly long before their first babble or coo."
- Ruchira S. Datta
Something resembles to Abhimanyu's experience in Mahabharat
- Abhishek Tiwari
"...unlike many critics of IQ testing, Stanovich and other researchers into rational thinking are not trying to redefine intelligence, which they are happy to characterise as those mental abilities that can be measured by IQ tests. Rather, they are trying to focus attention on cognitive faculties that go beyond intelligence - what they describe as the essential tools of rational thinking. These, they claim, are just as important as intelligence to judgement and decision-making."
- Ruchira S. Datta
I call on any libertarian to read Ch. 17 and explain to me how this would have played out in their utopia.
- Ruchira S. Datta
Ch. 18. Some of the language used to sink a 1933 bill attempting to give teeth to the FDA is sounding very familiar: 'The patent-medicine lobbyists...warned that the drugstores would be "sovietized,"...and predicted that if passed the new law would turn the FDA into a "powerful, sinister machine" wielding the "heavy, cold, clammy hand of bureaucracy" over hardworking American businesses.'
- Ruchira S. Datta
"Martin’s book is brimming with ideas. The basic premise of the book is that many sorts of individual and group action (and the subsequent meanings generated in that context) can be explained by basic principles of local structure...He offers an intriguing way to link micro-macro without relinquishing all of the explanatory power to one level over the other. In a way, I suppose this is what Levi-Strauss was about as well. His agenda was to explain the particularities of local structures. Rather than jump right to institutions and history as an explanation, the origin of an explanation was to analyze how the interactions within that structure worked and how/why individuals continued to reproduce those relationships over time."
- Ruchira S. Datta
"No pain, no gain applies to happiness, too, according to new research published online in the Journal of Happiness Studies. People who work hard at improving a skill or ability, such as mastering a math problem or learning to drive, may experience stress in the moment, but experience greater happiness on a daily basis and longer term, the study suggests."
- Ruchira S. Datta
Free Annabel Scheme, become an Ultimate Ninja Ally, and help bring a new publishing model into the world for just $1. Only 31 hours left! http://www.kickstarter.com/project...
"Eager to get his revolutionary approach to teaching math into the hands of teachers, John created a not-for-profit organization called JUMP (Junior Undiscovered Math Prodigies). Today, JUMP is getting spectacular results with all kinds of kids. For instance, after working with JUMP, an entire class of Grade 3 students, including so-called slow learners, scored over 90% on a Grade 6 math test. A group of British children who had been written off as too unruly responded so enthusiastically and had such impressive results that the school board adopted the program."
- Ruchira S. Datta
My experience has always been that if a Math instructor was good, I took to the class with enthusiasm and enjoyed it. Going the other way, if the instructor was horrible, I lost enthusiasm and didn't enjoy the class at all. It strikes me that these things only work with a good instructor. The limit is getting a good instructor, not usually the program materials.
- Piaw Na
Piaw, the program materials may also help the instructor to think of different explanations (or to master the material themselves!).
- Ruchira S. Datta
Oh, no question about it. But it's difficult to enthuse an instructor about the material --- that's the tough part!
- Piaw Na
Thanks for sharing, Ruchira! I've just added 'The End of Ignorance' to my Amazon wishlist.
- April Buchheit
from iPhone
'151 members of the House and Senate currently receive government-funded; government-administered single-payer health care - Medicare. On the list of recipients are 55 Republicans who have steadfastly opposed other Americans getting the public option, like the one they have chosen. Weiner said, “Even in a town known for hypocrisy, this list of 55 Members of Congress deserve some sort of prize. They apparently think the public option is ok for them, but not anyone else.”'
- Ruchira S. Datta
Trying to understand who sees what comments and likes in FB
My guess is my friends' comments only appear in my FB feed if the person commented upon is also my friend? I went to my friend K's profile, and see a few messages like "K commented on J's status". I can click on "status" and see it although J is not my friend. Presumably this is because J's profile is open.
- Ruchira S. Datta
However, I see certain messages that say "K commented on M's link". I can click on M and go to M's profile, but when I click on "link" it says "M has not posted any links yet." Is the link obscured because M is not my friend? Or is this just a FB bug?
- Ruchira S. Datta
Quotes an essay by Jon Elster: " I argue that actual agents are intrinsically less sophisticated than the models assume they are, and that the various proposals to sustain the models by appealing to “as-if rationality” all fail....Finally, I offer some speculations to explain the persistence in the economic profession and elsewhere of these useless or harmful models."
- Ruchira S. Datta